Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation in Libyan Monozygotic Twins: A Case Report

Abstract

A systemic abnormality of dental tissue that affects one or more permanent first molars and occasionally the permanent incisors are called Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH). It is a developmental enamel defect. This case report aims to describe the features, clinical significance, and management of MIH, which was found in a pair of male monozygotic twins. The 8.4 year-old twin Libyan boys, referred as HM and AM, came to our dental clinic with their parents. They were healthy and had no serious concerns. However, both twins reported intense discomfort from the lower permanent molars, sensitive teeth, discoloured teeth, and a history of easily broken teeth. The twins' and their mother's medical and familial histories, as well as the patients' personal information, were meticulously documented to rule out other diseases and identify other contributory variables. According to the interview, the mother had a planned caesarean section to deliver the twins, both were underweight at birth. An intraoral examination revealed that both twins had poor oral hygiene with several dental cavities. Both twins and their parents were given oral hygiene instructions and educated about MIH. All the affected teeth were treated with topical fluoride varnish as the preventive treatment. Early diagnosis and long-term follow-up are crucial to prevent post-eruptive enamel breakdown, caries formation, and tooth sensitivity. Premature molar loss can be prevented with an early detection and treatment of the problem. Since the cause of MIH is still mostly unknown, it is difficult to prevent the illness and create effective treatment plans.