A Review: Anti-Dental Plaque Potential of Selected Malaysian Herbs

Tuan Nadrah Naim Tuan Ismail, Wan Nazatul Shima Shahidan, Kannan Thirumulu Ponnuraj

Abstract


Dental plaque is a biofilm that forms on the teeth. Chlorhexidine (CHX) is the most commonly used anti-plaque agent in mouthwash, and it has been considered the gold standard in dental practice for around three decades. However, CHX does have some disadvantages. These disadvantages have led to the search for medicinal plant based alternative mouthwashes. Herbal products are slowly being recognized as effective, safe, non-toxic, and having fewer side effects on humans. The use of herbs as a source of economic growth in Malaysia has emerged in 2011. This review comprises 11 potential Malaysian herbs noted for their anti-plaque potential namely, Eurycoma longifolia Jack, Morinda citrifolia, Centella asiatica, Hibiscus sabdariffa L, Ficus deltoidea Jack, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees, Orthosiphon stamineus, Clinacanthus nutans Lindau, Melastoma malabathricum L, and Moringa oleifera Lam. Out of these 11 herbs, 8 have been identified by the government of Malaysia that can be commercially developed under first Entry Point Project (EPP1) for the nation’s agriculture National Key Economic Area (NKEA). The present review focusses on the traditional use, the valuable phytochemical, anti-plaque potential and the cytotoxicity of the selected herbs. These information will serve as a guide for pharmaceutical companies or cosmetic manufacturers in formulating herbal mouthwashes containing anti-dental plaque properties of the Malaysian herbs. Further investigations into their clinical therapeutic potential may be worthwhile.

Keywords


Oral plaque, Malaysian herbs, and mouthwash

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References


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